
Mikhail Khodorkovsky
Imprisoned since: February 2003
Khodorkovsky once owned Russia’s largest oil company and was considered the country’s richest man. When Putin came into power, he claimed many private enterprises were holding state properties illegally. Khodorkovsky spoke against the nationalization of the then-private enterprises. Since, many of his former partners have exiled themselves from their homeland and Khodorkovsky himself has been in various prison labour camps for the last nine years.
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Artyom Savyolov
Imprisoned since: May 2012
Savylov was at a government-sanctioned rally at Moscow Bolotnaya Square on the eve of Putin’s inauguration. He was one of 400 arrested, one of 16 that remain in custody, and one of 12 that is being charged with calling for mass disorder and assaulting police officers. His parents say he suffers from a life-long stutter and there is no way he could be guilty of shouting anti-Putin propaganda.
Police made further arrests of well-known political activists, Alexei Polikhovich and Nikolai Kavkazsky, in July 2012 on charges related to the Bolotnaya Square protests.
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Alexei Navalny
Currently not imprisoned but ordered to stay in Moscow on embezzlement charges.
Navalny is a well-known Russian lawyer, blogger, and anti-corruption activist. He first hit the international radar when he published documents on his LiveJournal account accusing the nationalized Transneft’s leaders of stealing about $4 billion while building a pipeline that ships oil from Eastern Siberia to the Asian markets. A few months later, Navalny was fined nearly $1000 for calling Putin’s United Russia party “crooks and thieves”.
July 31, 2012, Navalny was arrested for embezzlement charges. Russian authorities say he acted as a an unofficial advisor on a loss-making deal with a state-owned Alktimber company. Navalny is currently out of jail, but the investigation against him is ongoing and he has been ordered not to leave Russia. Navalny calls the charges “strange and absurd”.
It’s also worth noting that two weeks before Navalny’s arrest, Russia blocked all LiveJournal access, affecting some 60,000 account holders.
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Sergei Udaltsov
In custody since: August 17, 2012.
Udaltsov is a left-wing politician and vocal Putin critic. His attempts at registering an official political party have so far been rejected, though he is the leader of the Left Front movement. Has been arrested approximately 100 times for organising unauthorized protests and petty crimes, such as jaywalking and leaving a hospital before ending treatment. He was arrested again amidst the protests outside the courts after the Pussy Riot sentencing, along with political dissident and retired chess great, Gary Kasparov.
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VOINA
Members have been subjects to more then 20 criminal investigations, some of which are still ongoing.
VOINA is a performance art group active since 2006 sometimes called “art terrorists” in Russia. It’s leader, Oleg Vorotnikov, was arrested in 2010 for a performance art piece that involved turning over a police officer’s car. They were charged with the same charges as Pussy Riot, but the case was dismissed when courts determined the police were not considered a “social group”. In 2011, authorities arrested him, his wife and then two-year-old son, after breaking into the apartment posing as a German television crew. They are being investigated for their involvement with the Strategy 31 protest movement. Vorotnikov and another prominent member are out on bail paid for by Banksy.
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This is by no means an exhaustive list.